What is a major reason to avoid dead-end water mains?

Avoiding dead-end water mains is primarily important to prevent the development of taste and odors in the water supply. When water stagnates in a dead-end main, it can lead to a variety of issues including bacterial growth, the leaching of contaminants, and the formation of biofilms. These factors contribute to undesirable tastes and odors that can make water unpalatable or even unsafe for consumption.

Water quality is critical in any municipal supply, and ensuring that there is adequate flow circulation helps maintain the freshness of the water. Regular movement of water through the mains prevents stagnation and reduces the risk of these developments, thereby ensuring the water remains clean and safe for residents.

Other options, while relevant to aspects of water maintenance, do not directly address the primary concern associated with dead-end mains as effectively as the issue of taste and odor.