What is the function of a foot valve?

A foot valve serves a critical function in a pumping system by acting as a check valve located at the bottom of the suction pipe or pump. This component is designed to allow fluid to flow in one direction—into the pump—while preventing backflow when the pump is not in operation or when the suction conditions change.

When the pump is running, the foot valve opens to allow water to be drawn into the pump. If the pump stops running, the foot valve closes, creating a seal that holds the water in the suction line, preventing it from draining back into the source. This is crucial because it ensures that the pump can resume operation without needing to re-prime, thereby enhancing efficiency and reducing the risk of cavitation, which can harm the pump.

The other options relate to different functions that valves can serve in a system but do not accurately describe the specific role of a foot valve. For example, controlling water flow through a meter typically involves different types of valves, not a foot valve. Similarly, preventing backflow in storage facilities might involve other types of backflow prevention devices, and maintaining pressure in a distribution system is managed through pressure regulating valves rather than foot valves.