What typically happens as a result of cavitation in valves?

Cavitation in valves occurs when vapor bubbles form in a liquid due to a drop in pressure and then collapse violently when they reach higher pressure areas. This process can lead to significant damage, most notably pipe erosion. As the vapor bubbles collapse near the valve surfaces, they create shock waves that can erode the material of the valve, causing pitting and other forms of damage. This erosion not only impacts the structural integrity of the valves but can also lead to a decline in system efficiency and reliability. Understanding the consequences of cavitation is crucial for maintenance and operational safety in utilities management, as it highlights the importance of monitoring conditions that could lead to such phenomena.